VAUXHALL CORSA
1.2 SE Premium Hatchback 5dr Petrol Manual Euro 6 (75 ps)
WELT BET REPLACED. ULEZ COMPLIANT.60-40 Split-Folding Rear Seat Back, Air Conditioning, Electrically Operated Front Windows, Remote Control Central Locking, ISOFIX Child Seat Mountings Points Locat
A Vauxhall Corsa that is well-presented. Vauxhall Corsa 1.2 SE Premium 5-door finished in great condition inside and out. A reliable, economical petrol hatchback that's ideal for first-time drivers, commuters, or small families. Smooth to drive, cheap to run and insure, with plenty of modern features and comfort. Wet belt replaced. Finance available. Indoor showroom. AA warranty available. Test drive welcome. HPI clear. ULEZ compliant. Service history. Recently serviced. MOT. Two keys.
WELT BET REPLACED. ULEZ COMPLIANT.
12V Electrical Accessory Socket, 16in Alloy Wheels - 4 Twinspoke - Silver, 20 Watts Per Channel Output, 3.5in Colour Information Display, 60-40 Split-Folding Rear Seat Back, 7in Central Colour Touch Screen, ABS - Anti-Lock Braking System, Active Bonnet - Headlight - Wiper Structure, Air Conditioning, Airbags - Front Seat Side-Impact, Audio Information, Automatic Anti-Dazzle Rear-View Mirror, Automatic Emergency Braking - AEB, Automatic Headlight Control, Black Lower Side Window Mouldings, Bluetooth A2DP Audio Streaming, Bluetooth Mobile Phone Portal, Body Colour Door Handles and Mirror Housing, Body Coloured Front and Rear Bumpers, Body Coloured Roof and A-Pillars, Cabin Particulate Filter, CBC - Cornering Brake Control, Central Facia Display, Centre Rear Brake Light, Child Proof Locks on Rear Doors, Chrome Logo Bar, Comfort Front Seats, Cruise Control with Intelligent Speed Limiter, DAB Digital Radio, Deactivation Switch for Front Passengers Airbag, Deflation Detection System, Diamond Black, Digital Clock with Automatic RDS Time Adjustment, Door Handles - Interior - Chrome Effect, Door Mirrors - Electrically Adjustable-Heated, Drag Torque Control, Driver Drowsiness System, Drivers Airbag, Drivers and Front Passengers Sunvisor Incorporating Vanity Mirrors with Covers, Drivers Seat - Six-Way Adjustable, EBA - Emergency Brake Assist, EBD - Electronic Brakeforce Distribution, Electrically Operated Front Windows, Electronic Engine Deadlock Immobiliser, ESP - Electronic Stability Programme, Forward Collision Alert, Four Adjustable Facia Vents, Four-Speed Fan with Illuminated Controls, Front Camera System, Front Passengers Airbag, Front Passengers Seat - Four-Way Adjustable, Fuel Gauge with Low Fuel Warning Light, Full Length Curtain Airbags, Glazed Tailgate with Heated Rear Windows with Wash-Wipe Facility, Hazard Warning Lights, Headlight Levelling System, Headlights - High Beam Assist, Height Adjustable Front and Rear Seat Head Restraints, Hill Start Assist, Illuminated Glovebox with Lid, Inertia-Reel Lap and Diagonal Seatbelts, Integrated Tailgate Spoiler, Interior Courtesy Lights and Front Map Reading Light, ISOFIX Child Seat Mountings Points Located on Outer Rear Seats, Jet Black Door Panels, Lane Keep Assist with Lane Departure Warning, LED Daytime Running Lights, LED Headlights, Lights On Audible Warning, Luggage Compartment - Illumination, Mistral Facia, Outside Air Temperature Display Incorporating Ice Warning Function, Radio - AM-FM with 25 Station Presets, Rain Sensitive Windscreen Wipers, RDS with Traffic Programme, Rear Fog Light, Rear Parking Distance Sensors, Remote Control Central Locking, Rev Counter, Reversing Lights, Roof-Mounted Flexible Aerial, Seatbelt Unfastened Audible Warning and Warning Light, Seats - Heated Front, Secure Fuel Filler Flap, Service-Due Indicator, Shift Up Indication Light, Six Speakers, Smartphone Interface, Solar Heat Absorbing Windscreen and Windows, Speed Sensitive Power Assisted Steering, Speed Sign Recognition, Speedometer, Steering Column - Adjustable for Reach and Rake, Steering Column Lock, Steering Column Mounted Audio Controls, Steering Wheel - Heated, Steering Wheel - Three-Spoke Design - Flat-Bottom - Leather with Satin Chrome-Effect Bezel, Straight Line Stability Control, TPMS - Tyre Pressure Monitoring System, Traction Control, Trip Computer, Two Keys - One Folding with Integral Remote, Two-Litre Open Door Pockets, Two-Speed Windscreen Wipers, Upper and Lower Bumper Design, USB Connection with iPod Control, Water Temperature Gauge with Warning Light, Windscreen and Front Side Window Demist Vents
| HP Representative Example | ||||||||||
| Deposit | Balance | Fees | Total Payable | Term | Fixed Rate | Representative APR | 1st Payment | Monthly Payment | Final Payment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HP | £600.00 | £5395.00 | £298.00 | £7911.50 | 60 mths | 6.00% | 12.6% | £265.89 | £116.89 p/m* x 58 | £265.89 |
| Hire Purchase | |
|---|---|
| Deposit | £600.00 |
| Balance | £5395.00 |
| Fees | £298.00 |
| Total Payable | £7911.50 |
| Term | 60 mths |
| Fixed Rate | 6.00% |
| Representative APR | 12.6% |
| 1st Payment | £265.89 |
| Monthly Payment | £116.89 p/m* x 58 |
| Final Payment | £265.89 |
Additional Information
Finance is subject to status. Terms and conditions apply. Applicants must be 18 or over. Guarantees / indemnities may be required.
*The Acceptance & Option fees that may apply can vary from time to time and from lender to lender, fees are already accounted for within the payments displayed and are also included within the total amount payable.
We work with a number of carefully selected credit providers who may be able to offer you finance on your purchase. We are only able to offer finance products from these providers.
Due to changing interest rates and market conditions, the Finance Calculator provides an estimate and should be used for guidance only.
Send enquiry
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VAUXHALL CORSA
1.2 SE Premium Hatchback 5dr Petrol Manual Euro 6 (75 ps)
Watch our video presentation
Factory extras worth £550
- Diamond Black£550
- Total value of factory fitted extras£550
Description
60-40 Split-Folding Rear Seat Back, Air Conditioning, Electrically Operated Front Windows, Remote Control Central Locking, ISOFIX Child Seat Mountings Points Locat
A Vauxhall Corsa that is well-presented. Vauxhall Corsa 1.2 SE Premium 5-door finished in great condition inside and out. A reliable, economical petrol hatchback that's ideal for first-time drivers, commuters, or small families. Smooth to drive, cheap to run and insure, with plenty of modern features and comfort. Wet belt replaced. Finance available. Indoor showroom. AA warranty available. Test drive welcome. HPI clear. ULEZ compliant. Service history. Recently serviced. MOT. Two keys.
WELT BET REPLACED. ULEZ COMPLIANT.
12V Electrical Accessory Socket, 16in Alloy Wheels - 4 Twinspoke - Silver, 20 Watts Per Channel Output, 3.5in Colour Information Display, 60-40 Split-Folding Rear Seat Back, 7in Central Colour Touch Screen, ABS - Anti-Lock Braking System, Active Bonnet - Headlight - Wiper Structure, Air Conditioning, Airbags - Front Seat Side-Impact, Audio Information, Automatic Anti-Dazzle Rear-View Mirror, Automatic Emergency Braking - AEB, Automatic Headlight Control, Black Lower Side Window Mouldings, Bluetooth A2DP Audio Streaming, Bluetooth Mobile Phone Portal, Body Colour Door Handles and Mirror Housing, Body Coloured Front and Rear Bumpers, Body Coloured Roof and A-Pillars, Cabin Particulate Filter, CBC - Cornering Brake Control, Central Facia Display, Centre Rear Brake Light, Child Proof Locks on Rear Doors, Chrome Logo Bar, Comfort Front Seats, Cruise Control with Intelligent Speed Limiter, DAB Digital Radio, Deactivation Switch for Front Passengers Airbag, Deflation Detection System, Diamond Black, Digital Clock with Automatic RDS Time Adjustment, Door Handles - Interior - Chrome Effect, Door Mirrors - Electrically Adjustable-Heated, Drag Torque Control, Driver Drowsiness System, Drivers Airbag, Drivers and Front Passengers Sunvisor Incorporating Vanity Mirrors with Covers, Drivers Seat - Six-Way Adjustable, EBA - Emergency Brake Assist, EBD - Electronic Brakeforce Distribution, Electrically Operated Front Windows, Electronic Engine Deadlock Immobiliser, ESP - Electronic Stability Programme, Forward Collision Alert, Four Adjustable Facia Vents, Four-Speed Fan with Illuminated Controls, Front Camera System, Front Passengers Airbag, Front Passengers Seat - Four-Way Adjustable, Fuel Gauge with Low Fuel Warning Light, Full Length Curtain Airbags, Glazed Tailgate with Heated Rear Windows with Wash-Wipe Facility, Hazard Warning Lights, Headlight Levelling System, Headlights - High Beam Assist, Height Adjustable Front and Rear Seat Head Restraints, Hill Start Assist, Illuminated Glovebox with Lid, Inertia-Reel Lap and Diagonal Seatbelts, Integrated Tailgate Spoiler, Interior Courtesy Lights and Front Map Reading Light, ISOFIX Child Seat Mountings Points Located on Outer Rear Seats, Jet Black Door Panels, Lane Keep Assist with Lane Departure Warning, LED Daytime Running Lights, LED Headlights, Lights On Audible Warning, Luggage Compartment - Illumination, Mistral Facia, Outside Air Temperature Display Incorporating Ice Warning Function, Radio - AM-FM with 25 Station Presets, Rain Sensitive Windscreen Wipers, RDS with Traffic Programme, Rear Fog Light, Rear Parking Distance Sensors, Remote Control Central Locking, Rev Counter, Reversing Lights, Roof-Mounted Flexible Aerial, Seatbelt Unfastened Audible Warning and Warning Light, Seats - Heated Front, Secure Fuel Filler Flap, Service-Due Indicator, Shift Up Indication Light, Six Speakers, Smartphone Interface, Solar Heat Absorbing Windscreen and Windows, Speed Sensitive Power Assisted Steering, Speed Sign Recognition, Speedometer, Steering Column - Adjustable for Reach and Rake, Steering Column Lock, Steering Column Mounted Audio Controls, Steering Wheel - Heated, Steering Wheel - Three-Spoke Design - Flat-Bottom - Leather with Satin Chrome-Effect Bezel, Straight Line Stability Control, TPMS - Tyre Pressure Monitoring System, Traction Control, Trip Computer, Two Keys - One Folding with Integral Remote, Two-Litre Open Door Pockets, Two-Speed Windscreen Wipers, Upper and Lower Bumper Design, USB Connection with iPod Control, Water Temperature Gauge with Warning Light, Windscreen and Front Side Window Demist Vents
Performance
Top Speed & Engine Power
- Top speed108 mph
- 0 to 6012.4 seconds
- Engine torque (lbs/ft)87
- Engine power (BHP)74
Fuel Consumption
- Combined (mpg)53.3
Engine & Drive Train
- Cylinders - bore (mm)75
- TransmissionManual
- Number of gears5
- Cylinders - stroke (mm)90
- CC1,199
- Cylinders3
Emissions
- CO2 (g/km)125
- Standard Euro emissionsEuro 6
- Ultra Low Emission ZoneCompliant
Key Features
Exterior
- 16in Alloy Wheels - 4 Twinspoke - Silver
- Black Lower Side Window Mouldings
- Body Colour Door Handles and Mirror Housing
- Body Coloured Front and Rear Bumpers
- Body Coloured Roof and A-Pillars
- Chrome Logo Bar
- Door Mirrors - Electrically Adjustable-Heated
- Electrically Operated Front Windows
- Glazed Tailgate with Heated Rear Windows with Wash-Wipe Facility
- Integrated Tailgate Spoiler
- Rear Fog Light
- Reversing Lights
- Solar Heat Absorbing Windscreen and Windows
- Upper and Lower Bumper Design
Interior
- 60-40 Split-Folding Rear Seat Back
- Air Conditioning
- Automatic Anti-Dazzle Rear-View Mirror
- Cabin Particulate Filter
- Comfort Front Seats
- Door Handles - Interior - Chrome Effect
- Drivers and Front Passengers Sunvisor Incorporating Vanity Mirrors with Covers
- Drivers Seat - Six-Way Adjustable
- Four Adjustable Facia Vents
- Four-Speed Fan with Illuminated Controls
- Front Passengers Seat - Four-Way Adjustable
- Height Adjustable Front and Rear Seat Head Restraints
- Illuminated Glovebox with Lid
- Interior Courtesy Lights and Front Map Reading Light
- Jet Black Door Panels
- Luggage Compartment - Illumination
- Mistral Facia
- Rain Sensitive Windscreen Wipers
- Seats - Heated Front
- Steering Column - Adjustable for Reach and Rake
- Steering Column Mounted Audio Controls
- Steering Wheel - Heated
- Steering Wheel - Three-Spoke Design - Flat-Bottom - Leather with Satin Chrome-Effect Bezel
- Two-Litre Open Door Pockets
- Two-Speed Windscreen Wipers
- Windscreen and Front Side Window Demist Vents
Comfort
- 12V Electrical Accessory Socket
- 20 Watts Per Channel Output
- 3.5in Colour Information Display
- 7in Central Colour Touch Screen
- Audio Information
- Bluetooth A2DP Audio Streaming
- Bluetooth Mobile Phone Portal
- DAB Digital Radio
- Radio - AM-FM with 25 Station Presets
- RDS with Traffic Programme
- Roof-Mounted Flexible Aerial
- Six Speakers
- Smartphone Interface
- USB Connection with iPod Control
Other
- Automatic Headlight Control
- Centre Rear Brake Light
- Diamond Black
- Headlight Levelling System
- Headlights - High Beam Assist
- LED Daytime Running Lights
- LED Headlights
- Lights On Audible Warning
- Speed Sensitive Power Assisted Steering
Dimensions / Weights
Dimensions
- Height1433mm
- Height inclusive of roof railsmm
- Length4060mm
- Wheelbase2538mm
- Width1960mm
- Width including mirrorsmm
Weights
- Luggage capacity (seats up)litres
- Luggage capacity (seats down)litres
- Number of seats5
- Gross vehicle weightkg
- Max loading weightkg
- Max towing weight (braked)kg
- Max towing weight (unbraked)kg
- Turning circle (kerb to kerb)metres
- Max roof loadkg
- Turning circle (kerb to kerb)metres
Safety
- ABS - Anti-Lock Braking System
- Active Bonnet - Headlight - Wiper Structure
- Airbags - Front Seat Side-Impact
- Automatic Emergency Braking - AEB
- CBC - Cornering Brake Control
- Central Facia Display
- Child Proof Locks on Rear Doors
- Cruise Control with Intelligent Speed Limiter
- Deactivation Switch for Front Passengers Airbag
- Deflation Detection System
- Digital Clock with Automatic RDS Time Adjustment
- Drag Torque Control
- Driver Drowsiness System
- Drivers Airbag
- EBA - Emergency Brake Assist
- EBD - Electronic Brakeforce Distribution
- Electronic Engine Deadlock Immobiliser
- ESP - Electronic Stability Programme
- Forward Collision Alert
- Front Camera System
- Front Passengers Airbag
- Fuel Gauge with Low Fuel Warning Light
- Full Length Curtain Airbags
- Hazard Warning Lights
- Hill Start Assist
- Inertia-Reel Lap and Diagonal Seatbelts
- ISOFIX Child Seat Mountings Points Located on Outer Rear Seats
- Lane Keep Assist with Lane Departure Warning
- Outside Air Temperature Display Incorporating Ice Warning Function
- Rear Parking Distance Sensors
- Remote Control Central Locking
- Rev Counter
- Seatbelt Unfastened Audible Warning and Warning Light
- Secure Fuel Filler Flap
- Service-Due Indicator
- Shift Up Indication Light
- Speed Sign Recognition
- Speedometer
- Steering Column Lock
- Straight Line Stability Control
- TPMS - Tyre Pressure Monitoring System
- Traction Control
- Trip Computer
- Two Keys - One Folding with Integral Remote
- Water Temperature Gauge with Warning Light
How Click & Collect works...
- Click the reserve button
- Enter your details
- Click RESERVE in the top right
- Enter your card details
- Pay £200 Fully Refundable Deposit
- This removes the car from sale and secures it for you
- One of our team will be in contact via email or telephone
- Finance available in advance
- Part Exchange Valuation available in advance
- Complete the purchase of the vehicle with our salesman
- Arrange a collection time with him that works best for you
- The car will be fully prepared.
- We will have the car ready to collect in a Covid 19 safety area
- The car will be full sanitised
- The documents will be placed in the car
- You will be given the sanitised car key
- Take time to inspect the car and go on a test drive.
- If you are not happy with the car for any reason whatsoever, we will simply give you a SAME DAY FULL REFUND
- Click and Collect is in accordance with The Consumer Rights Act 2015 or the Sale of Goods Act 1979
*Not every car is available via the click and deliver service due to vehicle age and miles, please see a member of staff for details.
How Click & Deliver works...
- Click the reserve button
- Enter your details
- Click RESERVE in the top right
- Enter your card details
- Pay £200 Fully Refundable Deposit
- This removes the car from sale and secures it for you
- One of our team will be in contact via email or telephone
- Finance available in advance
- Part Exchange Valuation available in advance
- Complete the purchase of the vehicle with our salesman
- We will then deliver the car to you, using our own transporter
- The car will be fully prepared
- The car will be full sanitised
- The documents will be placed in the car
- You will be given the sanitised car key
- Take time to inspect the car and go on a test drive.
- If you are not happy with the car for any reason whatsoever, we will simply give you a SAME DAY FULL REFUND
Click and Deliver is in accordance with The Consumer Rights Act 2015 or the Sale of Goods Act 1979.
Please click here for terms and conditions.
£149 preparation / service support fee
At The Land of Cars, we always strive to offer our customers excellent value for money in the products and services we provide. We work hard behind the scenes to ensure that if you have an issue with your car, or even need to be updated, that we have the robust systems in place to take care of everything.
We have listed some items covered within Preparation and Support fee, so you have confidence knowing that it offers excellent value and we only charge it for the right reasons.
Our preparation goes way above all expectations
- Daily price check
- Free delivery
- Warranty
- Service & MOT
- MOT advisory notes
- Bosch rad test
- Bosch Car Service
- Quality parts
- Redgate assured check
- Platinum valet
- Preparation documents
Complimentary hotel stay
Have a night on us at the Village Hotel
As each week goes by, we welcome more and more customers from outside our area that choose to purchase their next car from The Land of Cars.
We understand the stress, expense and inconvenience involved in travelling a great distance away from home to collect your new car, so we have teamed up with the Village Hotel to make things that little bit easier.
The Village Hotel is located less than a 2 minute walk away from us and features a whole host of excellent facility’s including newly refurbished rooms, a brand-new bar area as well as two restaurants. Full leisure facilities are also available to guests including a state-of-the-art gym and swimming pool.
For customers that are travelling 100 miles or more to us to collect their car, we will arrange a complimentary overnight stay at the Village Hotel at your convenience either on collection day or the night before, taking away the stresses of traveling and adding to the excellent experience of purchasing your new car.
Because we aim for a completely hassle-free car buying experience, there is absolutely no catch, but a few simple conditions apply. Please enquire with your Sales Executive at the time of purchase.
Why choose The Land of Cars?
Quality car retailer of Newcastle Upon Tyne
We offer quality used cars at very affordable prices. If you are looking for fantastic savings on your first car or looking to upgrade, you can be sure that you will find competitive prices and the best service from The Land of Cars.
The Land of Cars Service and MOT Centre, positioned in North Tyneside, opposite The Village Hotel at The Cobalt have some fantastic offers on MOT, Car Servicing, Engine Diagnostics, Exhausts, Car Batteries, Discount tyres at trade prices, book in online or request a quote for any car repairs you may have.
Daily Price Check
97% Of our cars are already advertised in line with Autotraders “GOOD PRICE OR GREAT PRICE” indicator, and we check our prices daily to ensure we are the most competitive in the market.
"Our prices are comparable and, in most cases, better than the car Supermarkets and main dealers."
Free Delivery
We have our own car transporter at The Land of Cars, if you purchase a car from us with our Click and Deliver Service the full transaction can be done via phone / email. We will then deliver the car directly to you completely free of charge up to a 50-mile radius of our dealership.
Warranty
All cars are supplied with a 6-month platinum warranty, which is the highest level of cover. Please see our Warranty page for more information or ask a member of the team for details.
"Many dealers offer a 3-month warranty or less! Some offer the option to upgrade to 12 months at an additional cost, often with a poor level of cover"
Service and MOT
Every car leaves us with a Service and a Full 12 Months MOT regardless of when the last one was completed, for example, if a vehicle has 10 months MOT remaining we will still carry out a new test. This is because a MOT test is open to interpretation and we would rather our own experienced MOT testers inspect the vehicle to give their opinion.
"Many dealers will top up the oil and call it a service! Most will not Service or MOT the car if either were completed within the last 6 months"
MOT Advisory Notes
At the end of the MOT our tester could have identified a number of issues that may need fixing soon but are not serious enough to cause the vehicle to fail its MOT. There is no legal obligation to take any action based on the MOT advisory notes, but it would be unwise to ignore them. At The Land of Cars ALL of our cars are sold with no outstanding advisory work required. You will be given full documentation with your new car which will highlight all of the cars preparation with identifying what has been repaired or replaced.
“Many dealers (including some main dealers) sell cars with lists of MOT advisories”
Bosch Road Test
As part of the preparation of our cars, our Bosch trained technician's take each and every car on a 6-mile test drive. They use the same route which takes the cars over roundabouts, speed humps and up to 70 mph on the A19 to ensure the car drives correctly with no knocks or rattles. This test drive is enough time to identify any faults before the service and mot is carried out.
“Many dealers don't road test their vehicles, because as a road test doesn't form part of a mot”
Bosch Car Service Centre
We have our own on-site Bosch service centre and a team of experienced technicians that have all benefitted from in-depth training and development from Bosch. We have dealer level diagnostics from Delphi, Snap-On and Bosch. We are also linked electronically to BMW, VW Group and Mercedes Benz and are able to update their service system on your behalf.
"Many independent dealers do not have their own workshop and use independent garages for preparation. This leaves you with no choice but to find your own garage if your car develops a problem. When you do find a garage, they have no obligation to deal with your warranty company, or even support you as they did not supply the car"
Quality Parts
We use only the best quality parts on your car during preparation. Bosch are a major supplier to car manufacturers, and as an authorised BOSCH service centre we have extensive access to quality parts. We are approved by and use Petronas Oils (Mercedes Original Oil), and when we need to re-new brake parts, we use Padgid or Brembo, supplied to Porsche, Mercedes and used on many high-performance cars. We fit the same quality of parts regardless of the car and its price. From a Fiesta, to a Range Rover, all parts are equal quality. We use only the best quality parts for our cars, you can be assured of their longevity. In extreme cases when there is an issue, all parts we fit are guaranteed for a minimum of 12 months.
"Many dealers will fit the cheapest components available with little or no regard to their longevity after the car is purchased and after the warranty runs out, leaving you with potential bills for replacements"
The Land of Cars Assured Check
In addition to the standard BOSCH Service Health Check, we complete a The Land of Cars Assured Check on all our vehicles for that extra peace of mind. Our Assured Check aims to delve deeper into the condition of the vehicle and its fine workings including but not limited to the turbo and related pipework, the DPF system, the transmission and gearbox system, fuelling system and injectors. Each major component is meticulously checked to an exacting standard ensuring all our vehicles suitable and ready to drive away for many happy miles of motoring.
"Many dealers carry out a small service and MOT and are not really interested in any underlying faults a car could have, just as long as it passes an MOT"
Platinum Valet
Our own CarSpa valet centre methodically and meticulously prepare each car to the cleanest condition possible using the finest cleaning chemicals. We use AutoGlym products extensively during preparation to present your new car in the best possible condition and ensure the longevity of its finish in the future.
"Because of our in house CarSpa and our excellent relationship with AutoGlym, we do not outsource any of our valet or bodywork to others"
Preparation Documents and Report
Finally, once the preparation is complete, you will receive a fully documented BOSCH health check for your car including details of everything that has been checked and the condition it is in. We also provide you with extensive paperwork listing everything that has been changed, replaced or renewed during preparation.
"How many other dealers give as extensive pre-sale preparation as us, and document it. If you are looking at a car elsewhere, be sure to ask what their preparation entails?"